Image file sizes
The size of raster image files is positively correlated with the
number of pixels in the image and the color depth (bits per pixel). Images can
be compressed in various ways, however. A compression algorithm stores either an exact representation or
an approximation of the original image in a smaller number of bytes that can be
expanded back to its uncompressed form with a corresponding decompression
algorithm. Images with the same number of pixels and color depth can have very
different compressed file size.
For example, a 640 × 480 pixel image with 24-bit color would
occupy almost a megabyte of space:
640 × 480 × 24 = 7,372,800 bits = 921,600 bytes =
900 KiB
With vector images the file size increases only with the
addition of more vectors.
3D
IMAGE File Extension Full Forms List
|
Keyword |
Full Forms |
|
.3DM |
Rhino 3D Model |
|
.3DS |
3D Studio Scene |
|
.MAX |
3ds Max Scene File |
|
.OBJ |
Wavefront 3D Object File |
RASTER
IMAGE File Extension Full Forms List
|
Keyword |
Full Forms |
|
.BMP |
Bitmap Image File |
|
.DDS |
DirectDraw Surface |
|
.GIF |
Graphical Interchange Format File |
|
.HEIC |
High-Efficiency Image Format |
|
.JPG |
Joint Photographic Experts Group |
|
.PNG |
Portable Network Graphic |
|
.PSD |
Adobe Photoshop Document |
|
.PSIMAGE |
PaintShop Pro Image |
|
.TGA |
Targa Graphic |
|
.THM |
Thumbnail Image File |
|
.TIF |
Tagged Image File |
|
.TIFF |
Tagged Image File Format |
|
.YUV |
YUV Encoded Image File |
VECTOR IMAGE File Extension
Full Forms List
|
Keyword |
Full Forms |
|
.AI |
Adobe Illustrator
File |
|
.EPS |
Encapsulated
PostScript File |
|
.SVG |
Scalable Vector
Graphics File |
JPEG (.jpg, .jpeg)
JPEG, which stands for
Joint Photographic ExpertsGroups is a “glossy” format meaning that the
image is compressed to make a smaller file. The compression does create a loss
in quality but this loss is generally not noticeable. JPEG files are very common
on the Internet and JPEG is a popular format for digital cameras - making it
ideal for web use and non-professional prints.
Compression: Lossy - some file information is compressed or lost
Best For: Web Images, Non-Professional Printing, E-Mail, Power point
Special Attributes: Can choose amount of compression when saving in
image editing programs like Adobe Photoshop or GIMP.
TIFF (.tif, .tiff)
TIFF or Tagged Image File Format are lossless images files
meaning that they do not need to compress or lose any image quality or
information (although there are options for compression), allowing
for very high-quality images but also larger file sizes.
Compression: Lossless - no compression. Very
high-quality images.
Best For: High
quality prints, professional publications, archival copies
Special
Attributes: Can save transparencies
Bitmap (.bmp)
BMP or Bitmap Image File is a format developed by Microsoft for
Windows. There is no compression or information loss with BMP files which allow
images to have very high quality, but also very large file sizes. Due to BMP
being a proprietary format, it is generally recommended to use TIFF files.
Compression: None
Best For: High
quality scans, archival copies
GIF (.gif)
GIF or Graphics Interchange Format files are widely used
for web graphics, because they are limited to only 256 colors, can allow for
transparency, and can be animated. GIF files are typically small is size and
are very portable.
Compression: Lossless - compression without
loss of quality
Best For: Web
Images
Special
Attributes: Can be Animated, Can Save Transparency
PNG (.png)
PNG or Portable Network Graphics files are a lossless image
format originally designed to improve upon and replace the gif format. PNG
files are able to handle up to 16 million colors, unlike the 256 colors
supported by GIF.
Compression: Lossless -
compression without loss of quality
Best For: Web
Images
Special Attributes: Save
Transparency
EPS (.eps)
An EPS or Encapsulated PostScript file is a common vector file
type. EPS files can be opened in many illustration applications such as Adobe
Illustrator or CorelDRAW.
Compression: None - uses vector
information
Best For: Vector
artwork, illustrations
Special
Attributes: Saves vector information
PPM, PGM, PBM, and PNM
Netpbm format is a family including
the portable pixmap file format (PPM), the portable
graymap file format (PGM) and the portable bitmap file
format (PBM). These are either pure ASCII files
or raw binary files with an ASCII header that provide very basic functionality
and serve as a lowest common denominator for converting pixmap, graymap, or
bitmap files between different platforms.
WebP
WebP is
an open image format released in 2010 that uses both lossless and lossy
compression. It was designed by Google to
reduce image file size to speed up web page loading: its principal purpose is
to supersede JPEG as the primary format for photographs on the web. WebP is
based on VP8's
intra-frame coding and uses a container based on RIFF.
In 2011, Google added an "Extended File Format"
allowing WebP support for animation, ICC
profile, XMP and Exif metadata, and
tiling.
The support for animation allowed for converting older animated GIF to animated WebP.
·
Lossless compression – An image can be losslessly compressed,
using the WebP Lossless Format.
·
Metadata – An image may have metadata stored in EXIF or XMP
formats.
·
Transparency – An image may have transparency, i.e., an alpha
channel.
·
Color Profile – An image may have an embedded ICC profile as
described by the International Color Consortium.
· Animation – An image may have multiple frames with pauses between them, making it an animation.
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